Emerging viruses are the leading cause of disease and death and can be defined as infectious diseases which have recently appeared within a population, or exist in nature with rapid expansion of incident or geographic range. These viral diseases are mostly zoonotic in nature and RNA viruses are prominent examples of emerging viral diseases which have been a global threat for the mankind. In this review recently emerged RNA viruses such as Ebola virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Avian Influenza A(H7N9) virus, Swine Influenza A(H1N1) virus, SARS CoV, Chikungunya virus, Dengue Virus ,and Zika virus are discussed. Major outbreaks, number of clinical cases, number of deaths, case Fatality rate ,mode of transmission and factors responsible for the emergence of viruses are discussed Followed by future perspectives recapitulating major precautions in order to prevent emergence of viral diseases.Emerging viruses are the leading cause of disease and death and can be defined as infectious diseases which have recently appeared within a population, or exist in nature with rapid expansion of incident or geographic range. These viral diseases are mostly zoonotic in nature and RNA viruses are prominent examples of emerging viral diseases which have been a global threat for the mankind. In this review recently emerged RNA viruses such as Ebola virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, Avian Influenza A(H7N9) virus, Swine Influenza A(H1N1) virus, SARS CoV, Chikungunya virus, Dengue Virus ,and Zika virus are discussed. Major outbreaks, number of clinical cases, number of deaths, case Fatality rate ,mode of transmission and factors responsible for the emergence of viruses are discussed Followed by future perspectives recapitulating major precautions in order to prevent emergence of viral diseases.