Sustainable sugarcane production hinges not only on agronomic innovations but also on the health and diversity of its surrounding ecosystem. Sugarcane fields serve as dynamic agroecosystems that harbour a wide spectrum of beneficial organisms, including microorganisms, insects, arachnids, birds, and small mammals, that perform vital ecological functions. These include enhancing soil fertility, regulating pest populations, improving nutrient cycling, and maintaining overall ecosystem balance. Recognizing and harnessing this natural biodiversity offers a promising pathway to reduce reliance on chemical inputs, lower production costs, and build resilience against environmental stresses. This article highlights the role of biodiversity as an ecological asset in sugarcane farming and advocates for integrative practices that support both agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability in alignment with national and global sustainability goals.