The boiler is the heart of any sugar complex or process and power industry, making regular health check-ups crucial. Comprising various pressure parts, such as tubes, coils, headers, drums, and pipes, boilers require careful monitoring to ensure optimal performance and longevity. These components can be classified as water-cooled or steam-cooled, each with its unique damage mechanisms and lifespan considerations. Advanced tools and techniques enable accurate predictions of component status and life under specific operating conditions. This article explains the prediction process for boiler pressure parts, focusing on: critical damage mechanisms, life assessment methods and non-destructive testing.